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Ceremonies & Liturgies
Liturgy Definition
Types of Ceremonies
Ceremonies of the Outer Circle
Ceremonies Using the Atash Dadgah
Priests
Setting & Sofreh
Symbolism
Afringan Ceremony
1. Atash Nyaish and Doa-Nam Satayashne
2. Dibache, Afringans and Afrins
3. Doa Tandorosti
Baj Ceremony
Dron Ceremony
Ceremonies of the Inner Circle
Yasna Ceremony
Yasna Meaning
Yazishn-Khana / Gah
Time or Gah / Geh of the Ceremony
Preparatory Activities
Ab-Zohr
Parahom Preparation Implements/Alat
Pre-Yasna Ceremony. Parayagna/Paragna
Preparation of Parahom Extract During the Parayagna / Paragna Ceremony
Preparation of the Hom Extract During the Yasna Ceremony
Visperad Ceremony
Vendidad Ceremony
Cleanliness & Purification
Cleansing & Purification Ceremonies
Evil Eye & Protection Against Evil
Espand / Esfand
Achu Michu
Purpose of the Ritual
The Achu Michu Ritual
Nahan / Nahn Ceremony
Bareshnum Ceremony
Cleansing by Fire - Chahar-Shanbeh-Suri & the Seven Cleansing Fires
Seven Cleansing Fires
Sogdian Cleansing Custom
Overview
The Family
The Gathering
Gara Sari
Preparing to Witness the Ceremony
Nahan & Nirangdin -Physical & Spiritual Cleansing
Ceremonial Walk and Achu Michu
Age of Reason and Responsibility
Navjote Ceremony
Setting
Investiture
Sudrah/Sudre and Kusti
Fravarane - Pledge of Faith
Tandorosti - Blessing
Celebration & Festivities
Sharing of Food
Wedding Anniversary Jashan
Setting and Sofreh
Prayers
2. Debache, Afringans and Afrins
Devotional
Achu Michu and Exchange of Gifts
Reception
Diversity in CustomsShared Core Values
Evolution in Customs
Differences in Wedding Customs
Differences in Iranian & Indian Wedding Customs
Differences in Iranian Wedding Customs. Yazdi Wedding Customs
New World Wedding customs
Other Old World Wedding Customs
Divorce
Wedding Costs
Age of Marriage
Family Blessings - Rupia Peravanu
Wedding Planning & Choosing the Date
Engagement - Adravanu, Devo & Sagan Ceremonies
Madhavsaro/Madar Srava. Tree Planting Ceremony
Varadh-Patra / Remembrance
Adarni / Bridal Shower
Supra nu Murat
Ceremonies Before the Marriage
Nahan or Nahn / Ritual Bath
Garments & Accessories
Groom's Garments
Bride's Garments
Venue
Wedding Stage
Arrival of the Couple
Var Behendoo - Hand Dipping
Ara Antar - Curtain of Separation
Hathevaro - Joining of Hands in Love & Respect
Chero Bandhvanu - Binding Around Couple
Marriage Ceremony
Lighting the Spiritual Flame
Religious Ceremony / Payvand-e-Zanshooi
Candle Lighting
Haath Borvanu - Hand dipping
Pag Dhovanu - Foot Washing
Gifts
Visit to a Fire Temple
First Night
Traditional Yazdi Wedding Customs
Preliminaries
Proposal
Engagement Ceremony
Tour for Gifts & Shower
Betrothal Ceremony
Henna Ceremony
Gift of Shoes Ceremony
Guests & Festivities
Dinner of Acceptance
Ceremony of Taking the Bride
Nuptial Rites
Feast of the First Day
Concluding Dinner
Pogoshi Ceremony
Recent Day Yazdi Customs
Wedding Tray
Making a Proposal - Khastegari
Engagement - Namzadi & Shirin Khori
Khoncheh - Wedding Gifts
Wedding Day Customs
Clothes
The Entrance
Sofreh Aghd - The Wedding Spread
Marriage Ceremony / Payvand-e-Zanshooi
Wedding Festivities - Jashn-e Aroosi
Body & Spirit
Preparing for One's Demise
Imagery
Assault of Evil Spirits
Spiritual Guide / Daena
Chinvat Peretum - Bridge of the Requiter
Meeting One's Daena at the Chinvat Bridge
Eschatology / Frasho-kereti
Traditional Ceremonies / Geh Sarnu
Preparatory Arrangements
Death Ceremonies
Removal to the Mortuary
Spiritual Unity - the Payvand Connection
The Fire
Ritual Bath / Sachkar
Wrapping the Kusti
Whispering Prayers in the Deceased's Ears. Final Respects
Demeanour of the Bereaved
Handing Over to the Nasa-Salars or Pall Bearers
Nasa-Salars Mark the Protected Space or Kasha
Prayers for the Departed
Confirmation of Death / Sagdid
Placing the Body on the Bier / Gehan
Funeral Procession in Payvand Connection
Final Sagdid
Placing the Body in the Tower
Beholding by the Sun / Khursheed Nigerishn
Disposal of the Deceased's Clothes & Shroud
Farewell Prayers
Prayers for the first Four Days
Mortuary
Private Homes
Neighbourhood Mortuaries / Nasa-Khana or Margzad
Bungli
Methods of Laying the Dead to Rest
Towers of Silence / Dakhma
Other Methods
Modern Practices
Stone / Concrete Protected Graves
Ancient Practices
Ossuary / Ossuaries
Stone Tombs
Funerary Couches
Memorial Prayers
• © Author: K. E. Eduljee, Zoroastrian Heritage, 2005-23 (researched from 1979 onwards) • Contact • Page validated by W3C.org