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Zoroastrian Heritage

Author: K. E. Eduljee

Zoroastrian Religious and Liturgical Ceremonies
Rites of Passage
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Zoroastrian
Liturgical Ceremonies

Ceremonies & Liturgies

Liturgy Definition

Types of Ceremonies

Ceremonies of the Outer Circle

Ceremonies Using the Atash Dadgah

Priests

Setting & Sofreh

Symbolism

Afringan Ceremony

1. Atash Nyaish and Doa-Nam Satayashne

2. Dibache, Afringans and Afrins

3. Doa Tandorosti

Baj Ceremony

Dron Ceremony

Ceremonies of the Inner Circle

Yasna Ceremony

Yasna Meaning

Yazishn-Khana / Gah

Time or Gah / Geh of the Ceremony

Preparatory Activities

Ab-Zohr

Parahom Preparation Implements/Alat

Pre-Yasna Ceremony. Parayagna/Paragna

Preparation of Parahom Extract During the Parayagna / Paragna Ceremony

Preparation of the Hom Extract During the Yasna Ceremony

Visperad Ceremony

Vendidad Ceremony


Zoroastrian
Cleansing & Purification
Ceremonies

Cleanliness & Purification

Cleansing & Purification Ceremonies

Evil Eye & Protection Against Evil

Espand / Esfand

Achu Michu

Purpose of the Ritual

The Achu Michu Ritual

Nahan / Nahn Ceremony

Bareshnum Ceremony

Cleansing by Fire - Chahar-Shanbeh-Suri & the Seven Cleansing Fires

Seven Cleansing Fires

Sogdian Cleansing Custom

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Navjote

Overview

The Family

The Gathering

Gara Sari

Preparing to Witness the Ceremony

Nahan & Nirangdin -
Physical & Spiritual Cleansing

Ceremonial Walk and Achu Michu

Age of Reason and Responsibility

Navjote Ceremony

Setting

Investiture

Sudrah/Sudre and Kusti

Fravarane - Pledge of Faith

Tandorosti - Blessing

Celebration & Festivities

Sharing of Food


Jashan Ceremony

Overview

Wedding Anniversary Jashan

Setting and Sofreh

Symbolism

Priests

Prayers

1. Atash Nyaish and Doa-Nam Satayashne

2. Debache, Afringans and Afrins

3. Doa Tandorosti

Devotional

Achu Michu and Exchange of Gifts

Reception

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Zoroastrian Wedding Customs

Introductory Page

Diversity in Customs
Shared Core Values

Evolution in Customs

Differences in Wedding Customs

Differences in Iranian & Indian Wedding Customs

Differences in Iranian Wedding Customs. Yazdi Wedding Customs

New World Wedding customs

Other Old World Wedding Customs

Divorce

Wedding Costs

Indian Zoroastrian (Parsi & Irani)

Page1

Engagement

Overview

Age of Marriage

Family Blessings - Rupia Peravanu

Wedding Planning & Choosing the Date

Engagement - Adravanu, Devo & Sagan Ceremonies

Page2

Pre-Wedding Festivities

Madhavsaro/Madar Srava. Tree Planting Ceremony

Varadh-Patra / Remembrance

Adarni / Bridal Shower

Supra nu Murat

Page3

Wedding Day

Ceremonies Before the Marriage

Nahan or Nahn / Ritual Bath

Garments & Accessories

Groom's Garments

Bride's Garments

Venue

The Gathering

Wedding Stage

Arrival of the Couple

Achu Michu

Var Behendoo - Hand Dipping

Ara Antar - Curtain of Separation

Hathevaro - Joining of Hands in Love & Respect

Chero Bandhvanu - Binding Around Couple

Page4

Marriage & Reception

Marriage Ceremony

Lighting the Spiritual Flame

Setting

Religious Ceremony / Payvand-e-Zanshooi

Candle Lighting

Haath Borvanu - Hand dipping

Pag Dhovanu - Foot Washing

Gifts

Visit to a Fire Temple

Reception

First Night

Iranian Zoroastrian

Page 1

Yazdi Wedding Customs

Traditional Yazdi Wedding Customs

Preliminaries

Proposal

Engagement Ceremony

Tour for Gifts & Shower

Betrothal Ceremony

Henna Ceremony

Gift of Shoes Ceremony

Guests & Festivities

Dinner of Acceptance

Ceremony of Taking the Bride

Marriage Ceremony

Nuptial Rites

Feast of the First Day

Concluding Dinner

Pogoshi Ceremony

Recent Day Yazdi Customs

Wedding Tray

Page 2

Modern Iranian Wedding Customs

Making a Proposal - Khastegari

Engagement - Namzadi & Shirin Khori

Wedding Costs

Khoncheh - Wedding Gifts

Wedding Day Customs

Clothes

The Entrance

Wedding Tray

Sofreh Aghd - The Wedding Spread

Marriage Ceremony / Payvand-e-Zanshooi

Wedding Festivities - Jashn-e Aroosi

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After Life &

Funeral Customs

Page1

Body & Spirit

Preparing for One's Demise

Imagery

Assault of Evil Spirits

Spiritual Guide / Daena

Chinvat Peretum - Bridge of the Requiter

Meeting One's Daena at the Chinvat Bridge

Eschatology / Frasho-kereti

Page2

Traditional Ceremonies / Geh Sarnu

Preparatory Arrangements

Death Ceremonies

Removal to the Mortuary

Spiritual Unity - the Payvand Connection

The Fire

Ritual Bath / Sachkar

Wrapping the Kusti

Whispering Prayers in the Deceased's Ears. Final Respects

Demeanour of the Bereaved

Handing Over to the Nasa-Salars or Pall Bearers

Nasa-Salars Mark the Protected Space or Kasha

Prayers for the Departed

Confirmation of Death / Sagdid

Placing the Body on the Bier / Gehan

Funeral Procession in Payvand Connection

Final Sagdid

Placing the Body in the Tower

Beholding by the Sun / Khursheed Nigerishn

Disposal of the Deceased's Clothes & Shroud

Farewell Prayers

Prayers for the first Four Days

Page3

Mortuary

Private Homes

Neighbourhood Mortuaries / Nasa-Khana or Margzad

Bungli

Methods of Laying the Dead to Rest

Towers of Silence / Dakhma

Other Methods

Modern Practices

Stone / Concrete Protected Graves

Ancient Practices

Ossuary / Ossuaries

Stone Tombs

Funerary Couches

Memorial Prayers

Ossuary Use by Ancient Zoroastrians